Manufacture of glass articles.



litio. 793,900.

i nirn Sr.

:Patented July t, 1905.

treten,

JOHN .l1 POWER, OF llT'lBUltO, PICN'NWTVANIA, ArlhllGlilOflL BY il'lEtllll ASSlGrNh/UNTS, TO 'fl-lli) TOLEDO GLAS@ OOll'llJr-XNY, Oli TOLEDO, Ol-llO,

A OORlOltA'llON OF OHIO.

WliiN U lwlullmltl WE @im lhiiwld FlTlLEi sPEGIFCATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 798,906, dated July ,L, 1905,

Original application iiled April l0, 1900, Serial No. 12,279. Divided and this application filed March l, 1901. Serial No. 49,429.

To rf/Zl, whom, 'it mf/ffy concer/t:

Be it known that l, JOHN J. Pownn, a resident of Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in the ltlanulacture oi' Glass Articles; and l do hereby declare the following to be afull, clear, and exact description thereof.

My invention relates to the manufacture oll glassware, and has for its object to provide Alior the manufacture of hollow glass articles, such as bottles, jars, tumblers, chimneys, and various other articles in hollen7 ware, as well as other articles of tubular or cylindrical form.

My invention consists, generally stated, in the novel method and features hereinafter .more specifically set iorth and described, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

lo enable others skilled in the art to which my invention appertains 'to practice and use the method, l will describe the same, relerring to the accom i'ianying d rawings,in which-- Figure 1 is a side View ot' the apparatus einployed and usedin connection with a glasspot in a Alurnaee, which is shown in section. liig. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal section of the apparatus. Fig. 3 is a cross-section on the line Z Z, Fig. 2. liig. Ll is a cross-section on the line X K, Fig. 2. Fig. is a plan view oi' the blank and neck mold shown in lliig. t?, looking at the opposite side o'll the same, and liig. t3 is a sectional view of the neck and body or blow mold ready ior the blowing operation.

The algiparatus illustrated is used in practicing my invention in the making oii hollow articles in which the article is given either a preliminary or blank 'lorm or a linished portion and a preliminary blank portion, accordingly as required, such an al'iparatus being shown, described, and claimed in an application filed by me on April l0, 1900, Serial No. 12,5279, ol" which this application is a division.

ln this aliiparatus, il indicates the casing, which is provided at one end with the screwthreads l/ Jfor engaging with the screw-threads 2', 'formed on a llange 2 on the top ol a parti ble neck -mold 3, the halves ol which are hinged together by a pin 3, passing through lugs 3" on said mold 3 in the usual manner. The neck-mold 3 is provided with the moldcavity etherein, and each halt of said mold is provided with a groove 4J, in which a tongue 5' on the two halves ol a partible blankanold is adapted to slide and lit. The blank-mold 5 is provided with a cavity (S and is adapted to connect with the cavity Li of the neck-mold 3, which 'forms the neck of the bottle or jar, and pins 7 are secured in the sides oi the neck-mold 3, around which are journaled the arms 8, which are held in place by the nuts 7 engaging with said pins 7, and these arms 8 being' adapted to engage at their `t'ree ends in the side pieces 8 on the sides of the blankmold 5, and so hold the halves of the said mold 5 securely together. Extending down within the cavities 4 and 6 of the neck-mold 3 and blank-mold is the plunger 9, `which has a hollow portion 9' at its top and is provided with perforations l0 therein, and this plunger 9 is also provided with a head ,1.0l at its upper end, to which is secured the cylinder ll by means of screw-threznls ill', while working within the cylinder ll is the piston l2, which is provided with theiviiston-head l2', and piston-rod 13, having a handle i3 thereon 'lor operating the sainea Secured around the cylinder il and within the casing il is a llrame let, which consists ei a ring 14, rigidly secured around the piston-rod 13:3 of the piston 1Q at the top ot' the casing l and cylinder ll, anda ring 15, which lits loosely around the exterior of the cylinder ll within the casing 11,. Oonnectii'lg to and between the rings let and l5 are the supporting-rods l5, on one el which is formed the rack 16 Yfor engaging with a pinion 17, which is secured to a pin or stud 17on the inside et the casing l, and this pinion Ai7 is also adapted to engage with a circular rack '18, secured around the exterior ot' the cylinder ll lior rotating said cylinder l1 and plunger 9.

',lhe operation ol th e above apparatus in the process of making bottles or other articles wherein the article is partially formed by a blowing operation is as Afollows: The appara tus being ready, as shown in Fig. l, the operator proceeds with the same to a pot or tank furnace A and inserting the mold 5 through the openingl or mouth u of the pot or tank slightly merges the open end of the mold 5 into the molten glass therein. The operator then draws back the piston 1Q by means of the handle 13', thereby drawing the air out of the cavity 6 of the blank-mold 5 through the perforations 10 in the plunger 9 into the cylinder 11, thereby effecting' a vacuum in the cavities et and 6 of the neck-mold 3 and blank-mold 5 and causing' or permitting the molten glass to be gathered and lill or flow into the said cavities a and 6 around the plu nger 9, thus forming' the finished neck and rim of the bottle or other article in the cavity 4 of the neck-mold 3 and a preliminary blank or hollow bulb of g'lass in the cavity 6 of the blank-mold 5. When the operator thus draws back the piston 1Q, the frame 14, being rig'- idly attached to the piston-rod 13 by the ring 14, is also drawn back, thereby causing the rack 16 to operate the pinion 17, secured on the casing 1, which being' in engagement with the circular rack 18, secured around the cylinder11, will cause' the cylinder 11, with the .plunger 9 attached thereto, to revolve or rotate, and thereby prevent the molten glass from entering into the perforations 10. The apparatus is then withdrawn from the pot or tank A, and the'cylinder 11 is then drawn back suliicient to withdraw the plunger 9 from the g'lass in the cavities t and 6 of the neck-mold 3 and blank-mold 5, when the arms 8 can be raised away from the side pieces S' on the blank-mold 5, so that the halves of the mold 5 can be withdrawn from the glass blank by inserting` mold-handles (not shown, but which are common) in the side pieces 8/ and sliding' the mold 5 away from the neck-mold 3 and depending' blank through the medium of the grooves 4 and the mold 3 and the tongues 5/ on the mold 5. The neck-mold 3 is then placed on top of a body or blow mold 19, so that the depending bulb of glass is suspended within the body or blow mold 19 from the neck-mold 3, after which the body or blow mold 19 can be closed around the preliminary glass blank or depending' bulb of glass and the casing 1 detached from the neck-mold 8, as shown in Fig. 6. Air is then applied through the top of the neck-mold 3 into the depending bulb of glass in any well-known mechanical way, thus blowing out the depending' bulb of glass or preliminary blank to linished form within the cavity 19 of the blowmold 19, after which the neck-mold 3 and body or blow mold 19 can be opened by the usual mold-handles and the linished article removed.

The revolving or rotating' of the plunger 9 and cylinder 1l may be dispensed with; but it is desirable under some conditions, and it is evident that several apparatus may be used, as well as several neclmnolds, blank-molds,

and body or blow molds. t is also evident that the body-molds may be arranged and the blowing operation performed on either a stationary or rotary table, as desired, and it will also be evident that instead of blowing the blank to finished form by air-pressure it may be developed to such finished form by a vacuum being' created in the blow-mold. Articles of cylindrical form will not need the blowing' operation.

Itwill thus be seen that my improved process of manufacturing' glassware is cheap and simple in its operation and does not require the employment of any skilled labor and that various modilications and chang'es in the various steps and apparatus for performing the different methods employed, as well as the design of the various parts of the apparatus, may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of the invention or sacrificing any of its advantages.

lVhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- 1. The method of making' glass articles which consists in g'athering' the glass from the top of the mass by means of differential pressure at different points thereof, creating' a rotary movement between the gathered mass and the exhaust-aperture of said pressure-producing means, simultaneously shaping' the blank, and subsequently blowing the blank to A its completed form.

2. The method of making' glass articles consisting' in forming' a blank by gathering a portion from the mass of molten glass by vacuum, creating' a rotary movement between the gathering mass and the exhaust-aperture of the vacuum-creating means, simultaneously shaping' said blank to have a part of the form of the finished article, and subsequently giving the remainder of said blank its final shape while in a plastic condition from its initial heat.

3. The method of making glass articles which consists in gathering' a blank from a mass of molten glass by a vacuum at the gathering-point, creating' a relative movement between the blank and the eXhaust-aperture, and subsequently blowing' said gather to its final form.

4. Theherein-described method of making' glass articles, which consists in gathering' a parison directly from the top of the molten mass, creating a rotary movement between the parison and the exhaust-apertures of the gathering means, and then blowing the parison into the desired form while plastic from its initial heat.'

5. The method of making` glass articles which consists in simultaneously gathering and shaping a parison from the top of a molten mass, creating' a rotary movement between the parison andthe exhaust-apertures of the gathering' means, forming' aV blow-opening in the parison, and blowing the same.

IOO

IIO

793,906 lill lhe method olE making glass articles, whieh consists in gathering direetly 'l'rom the top o'l a molten mass a parison haying.; a blowoijiening', creating' a rotary moven'ient between the gathered mass and the exhaust-apertilres et the e'atheringl means, and subsequently vine; the parison its inal term by Apressure admitted into said blow-openine'.

T. 'l`he imthedv o'l making' An'lass artieles whieh eonsists in gathering by means olAl a 'vaeunm direetly 'from a mass ol.r molten metal a delinite quantity et `glass, simnltaneously shaping' it into a parison, ereating a rotary movemei'lt between the parison and the eX- hanst-apertures ol" the faenum -ereating means, and blowing' the parison belore it loses its plastio eomlition.

tl. ',llhe method ol making' Aglass articles whieh Consists in `gathering' `glass 'trom the mass by means of a vacuum, creating' a rotary movement between the gathered mass and the eXhanst-apertures, simultaneously shaping' the blan k, and snbseq uently blowing' the blank to its completed term.

il. '.lhe process of mann'laoturino' hollow glass bodies or blanks, eonsisting' ol `n'athering' 1g'lass from a molten mass, ereating' a rotary movement between the gathered mass and the `,'athering' means, and simultaneously Atermine' a hollow blank and partly-[inished artiele.

ll). '.l`he process ol mannlaet'urinn' hollow lglass artieles, consisting' in gathering the glass :from a molten mass, ereatine' a rotary movement between the ,ejathered mass and the gathering means, and simnltaneonsly forming' a hollow blank and partly-linished artiele, and then blowing' said blank to linished lorm.

lil. ',lhe proeess el manufacturing' hollow e'lass bodies or blanks, eoiisistiite,` in gatheringl lglass Vfrom a molten mass by suetion, ereatingg' a rotary movement between the gathered mass and the exhaust-aperto res el the snetion- Creating' means, and simnltaneonsly VForming a hollow blank.

112. lohe proeess ot manufacturing' hollow glass artieles, Consisting ,in gathering' glass 'l'rom a molten mass by snetion, creating a rotary movement between the gathered mass and the eidianst-zmertnres et the said suction-ereatinn' means, sinmltaneonsly 'terminel a hollow blank and partly-linished article, and then blowing said blank to linished torni.

'13. llhe process el" manulaetnrine' glass artieles, consisting in iiiserting a mold within the molten mass, then drawing the glass therein to lorm the body or blank, Creating,l a rotary n'iovelnent between the body or blank and the eidianst-apertm'es ol" the drawnig-prodneingl means, and then blowing; said body or blank to lnished shape.

l-l. .lfhe process ol 1namitaCtnrino' glass artieles, consisting' in inserting a mold within the molten glass, then drawing' said `glass therein to 'form a linished portion and a body or blank, ereating a rotary movement between the drawn-in mass, and the means 'tor drawing' themsame, and then linishing' said body or blank.

15. '.llhe process ol maniilliaetnringg glass artieles, (consisting in inserting' a mold within the molten mass, then l rawinegsaid `glass there.- in by suction to lorm a lnished portion anda body or blank, e latine' a rotary movement betweenlthe drawn-in mass and the exhaustapertures el the suetion-ereatine' means, and then linishing' said body or blank.

i6. ,lhe process olE nianulaetnrinn'glass articles, eonsistine' in inserting' a mold within the mol ten glass, then d raw i ng said gl ass therein to Aterm a linished portion and a body or blank, ereating a rotary movement between said drawn-in mass and the waning-pro(lneineA means, and then blowing' said body or blank to finished shape.

17. '.lhe proeess ot manu laeturine' glass artieles, eonsisting' in insertion' a mold within the molten glass, then drawine'said `e'lass there.- in by suetion to Form a iinished portion and a body or blank, ereating' a rotary movemeifit between the drawn-iii mass and the exhaustapertures ol'A the snetioi1-ereatinn' means, and then blon-'ing` said body or blank to l'iliished shape.

le. ',llhe proeess olE manulaeturino'glass articles, consisting` in inserting.;` a mold within the molten mass, then drawinn'said glass therein to lorm a linished portion and a body or blank, ereating' a rotary movement between the drawn-in mass and the drawiiig-Creating' means, and then blowing' said body or blank within a mold to linished shape.

19. 'lhe process el mannlaetiju'ing glass artieles, eonsistingl in inserting;` a mold within the molten glass, then drawing' said glass there- IOO in by section to lorm a inished portion and a body or blank, creating a rotary movement between the gathered mass and the exhanstapertures ol' the snetim'i-ereating' means, and then blowing' said body or blank within amold to [inished shape.`

i0. The iiiroeesso'l' manuliaetm'ing' hollow glass artieles consisting' el inserting,l a mold and core within a molten mass, then drawing the molten glass into said mold and around said eore, to lorm the body or blank while ereating' a rotary mov nnent between the Core and said drawn-in mass,

,ln testil'nony whereof l, the said Jenn d', flioivnn, have hereunto set my hand.

lll'llll tl. Ylmllrfltlt. l'lfitnesses:

.l. N. Cooke, tl'. li. .lnmfuitiinn, rlr. 

